Why in NEWS? India’s PM participated in the 17th BRICS Summit held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, under the theme “Strengthening Global South Cooperation for More Inclusive and Sustainable Governance.” Key Terms and Concepts Term Explanation BRICS A group of major emerging economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, formed in 2009. Now expanded […]
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Why in NEWS The 62nd Bonn Climate Change Conference was held in Germany to review global climate progress and prepare the agenda for COP30 in Belem, Brazil. While discussions advanced on adaptation, just transitions, and climate finance, sharp divides remained over funding and climate responsibility. Key Concepts and Definitions Term Description UNFCCC United Nations Framework […]
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Why in NEWS The National Commission for Minorities (NCM) has been operating without a Chairperson or full membership since April 2025. This vacancy raises concerns about the commission’s ability to effectively safeguard minority rights and address community grievances. Key Concepts and Definitions Term Description NCM A statutory body established in 1992 to protect the rights […]
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Why in NEWS The Union Budget 2025–26 has officially acknowledged gig and platform workers, extending social protection to them. However, the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) still lacks a separate classification for these workers, creating a data-policy mismatch that hinders effective labour reforms and welfare targeting. Key Concepts and Definitions Term Description Gig Economy Labour […]
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Why in NEWS India observed the International Day of Cooperatives (5th July 2025) while celebrating four years of the Ministry of Cooperation. The spotlight is on leveraging cooperatives and schemes like PM Vishwakarma to empower artisans and boost MSMEs. Key Concepts and Definitions Term Description Cooperative Member-owned enterprise aiming to meet common economic, social, and […]
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Why in NEWS Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Trinidad and Tobago in 2025 was the first by an Indian PM since 1999. He was awarded the country’s highest civilian honour — The Order of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago — for his global leadership, strong diaspora engagement, and humanitarian efforts during the Covid-19 […]
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Why in NEWS The Supreme Court ruling in the Nandini Sundar vs. State of Chhattisgarh (2012) reaffirmed the authority of state legislatures to enact new laws, even in response to judicial directives, as long as they remain within constitutional bounds. Key Terms and Concepts Term Meaning Special Police Officers (SPOs) Civilian recruits used for security […]
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Why in NEWS The Ministry of Coal launched the RECLAIM Framework, a new policy tool to ensure inclusive, sustainable, and community-led coal mine closures across India. Key Terms and Concepts Term Meaning RECLAIM Framework A structured policy to guide socially and environmentally just mine closures Just Transition A fair shift from coal-based economies to sustainable […]
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Why in NEWS Recent studies reveal high levels of microplastics and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in human tissues, raising serious health concerns in India, the world’s top plastic pollut Key Terms and Concepts Term Meaning Microplastics Plastic particles smaller than 5 mm found in water, soil, and human bodies Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) Chemicals that interfere […]
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Why in NEWS At the 4th International Conference on Financing for Development (FFD4) in Seville, India urged reforms in the sovereign credit rating system and multilateral development banks (MDBs) to ensure fair, inclusive, and sustainable financing for developing nations. Key Terms and Concepts Term Meaning Sovereign Credit Rating An evaluation of a country’s creditworthiness and […]
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