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Why in News? Why in News? Thermophilic bacteria found in hot springs of Rajgir, Bihar, have shown potential as sources of powerful antibiotics, especially against antibiotic-resistant pathogens. A recent metagenomic study revealed a high presence of Actinobacteria, known for producing antimicrobial agents like streptomycin and tetracycline. Key Concepts Term Description Thermophilic Bacteria Heat-loving microorganisms that […]

Why in NEWS Flipkart has become the first Indian e-commerce firm to receive a Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) licence from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). This allows Flipkart to directly lend to its customers and sellers, marking a major step in integrating fintech with e-commerce. Key Concepts & Terms Term Definition NBFC A company […]

Why in News? The PM-PRANAM scheme, launched to reduce synthetic fertilizer usage, has recorded an initial reduction of 15.14 lakh tonnes of fertilizers in 2023–24, leading to significant subsidy savings. Karnataka alone contributed 30% of these savings, with Maharashtra, West Bengal, and Andhra Pradesh together adding 58% more. Key Concepts Term Meaning PM-PRANAM Programme for […]

Why in NEWS For decades, policymakers believed that irrigation alone drives farmers to switch to water-intensive crops. However, data from 2011–12 to 2022–23 reveals a more nuanced reality: farmers decide on crops and irrigation simultaneously based on real-time conditions like rainfall, seed/fertilizer availability, and market prices. This evolving trend calls for smarter, synchronized irrigation planning […]

Why in NEWS India added a record 29 GW of renewable energy in 2024, reaching a total installed capacity of 232 GW, with 176 GW under construction. This cements India’s position as a global clean energy leader, steering global sustainability through visionary reforms. Key Concepts Explained Term/Concept Explanation Renewable Energy Energy derived from natural sources […]

Why in NEWS? China’s ongoing hydroelectric projects on the Brahmaputra River have triggered concerns in India over potential disruptions in water flow and ecological stability. Key Concepts Explained Term/Concept Explanation Brahmaputra River A major transboundary river originating in Tibet (Yarlung Tsangpo), flowing through India and Bangladesh. Medog Hydro Project A large Chinese hydroelectric project near […]

Why in NEWS Recent excavations at Daojali Hading in Assam’s Dima Hasao district reaffirm its Neolithic identity, dating back over 2,700 years, and hint at early trade links with East and Southeast Asia. Key Concepts Simplified Term/Concept Meaning Neolithic Age Final phase of Stone Age marked by farming, settlements, and tools. Daojali Hading Neolithic site […]

Why in News? The 10th meeting of the NITI Aayog Governing Council was recently held under the theme “Viksit Rajya for Viksit Bharat@2047″. It focused on boosting cooperative federalism as a key strategy for India’s long-term development. The meeting witnessed discussions on state-specific demands, economic reforms, security preparedness, and sustainable growth goals. Key Concepts Explained […]

Why in NEWS? India’s net Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) collapsed from $10.1 billion in FY 2023–24 to just $0.4 billion in FY 2024–25, as per RBI data. Key Concepts & Terms Term Explanation Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Investment by a person/entity outside India in equity instruments of an Indian company. Minimum 10% stake in listed […]

Why in NEWS To address long-standing demands from Ladakh’s people for land protection, job reservations, language recognition, and political autonomy, the Centre has issued regulations under Article 240 of the Constitution—without granting the Sixth Schedule status that many groups have been demanding. Key Terms & Concepts Key Term Definition Article 240 Empowers the President to […]