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NITI Aayog has launched the India Electric Mobility Index (IEMI) and a report titled ‘Unlocking a 200 Billion Dollar Opportunity: Electric Vehicles in India’, highlighting progress and gaps in India’s EV landscape.
Key Terms & Concepts
| Term | Explanation |
|---|---|
| IEMI | India Electric Mobility Index – measures EV adoption, charging readiness, and innovation in Indian states. |
| EV30@30 Campaign | Global goal to achieve 30% new EV sales by 2030. |
| FAME-II | Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles scheme to support EV subsidies and infrastructure. |
| PM E-DRIVE | PM Electric Drive Revolution in Innovative Vehicle Enhancement – a new push for EV innovation and deployment. |
| ZEV | Zero Emission Vehicle – vehicles with no tailpipe emissions, like EVs and hydrogen-powered vehicles. |
What is the India Electric Mobility Index (IEMI)?
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Purpose | Tracks how Indian states and UTs are progressing in electric mobility. |
| Themes Covered | 1. Transport Electrification Progress 2. Charging Infrastructure Readiness 3. EV Research & Innovation |
| Scoring System | Composite score on a 0–100 scale reflecting e-mobility performance. |
| IEMI 2024 Leaders | Frontrunners: Delhi, Maharashtra, Chandigarh (Score: 65–99) |
| Mid-Level Performers | Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Haryana (Score: 50–64) |
| Aspirants (Lagging States) | Odisha, Rajasthan, UP, Ladakh, Andhra Pradesh (Score: below 50) |
Purpose and Impact
| Outcome | Benefit |
|---|---|
| Benchmarking Tool | Allows states to compare progress and identify performance gaps. |
| Promotes Competition | Encourages states to adopt best practices and innovative policies. |
| Supports Policymaking | Enables data-driven planning for faster EV rollout. |
Highlights of the NITI Aayog EV Report
| Indicator | Details |
|---|---|
| EV Market Growth | India’s EV share rose from 0.23% (2016) to 7.6% (2024); global share rose from 3.08% to 16.48%. |
| 2024–30 Challenge | India must boost EV share by 22% more to reach 30% EV target under EV30@30. |
| Manufacturing Boost | Expanded via PLI Scheme and ACC Battery Storage programme. |
| EV Promotion Schemes | Electric Mobility Promotion Scheme 2024, FAME-II, and PM E-DRIVE. |
Challenges Hindering EV Expansion
| Challenge Area | Issue |
|---|---|
| Finance | Difficulties in procuring e-buses and e-trucks due to high upfront cost. |
| Charging Infrastructure | Inadequate stations and under-utilized public chargers. |
| Awareness & Regulations | Low public understanding of EV performance; data and regulatory voids. |
Recommendations from the Report
| Area | Action Plan |
|---|---|
| Policy Roadmap | Announce time-bound ZEV adoption targets; expand CAFE norms. |
| City-Centric Focus | Saturate 5 cities with EVs first, then scale to 100 cities. |
| Finance & Infrastructure | Create pooled funds for buses/trucks; set up charging hubs in high-use areas. |
| Innovation | Promote battery leasing and develop EV-focused leasing markets. |
| Governance | Strengthen state-level implementation through dedicated nodal entities. |
In a Nutshell
Memory Code: “I.E.M.I.–C.H.A.R.G.E.”
Index for benchmarking
EV Targets (30% by 2030)
Mobility Schemes (FAME, PM E-DRIVE)
Infrastructure Gaps
City-first approach
Hubs for charging
Awareness drive
R&D promotion
Governance
Economies of scale
Prelims Practice Questions
- Which of the following is not one of the three core themes used in the India Electric Mobility Index (IEMI)?
a) EV Innovation and Research
b) Transport Electrification Progress
c) Battery Recycling Mechanism
d) Charging Infrastructure Readiness - As per the IEMI 2024, which state or UT is listed as a frontrunner in EV performance?
a) Uttar Pradesh
b) Rajasthan
c) Maharashtra
d) Andhra Pradesh - What is the target EV penetration for India by 2030 under the EV30@30 campaign?
a) 20%
b) 25%
c) 30%
d) 35%
Mains Questions
- Discuss the significance of the India Electric Mobility Index (IEMI) in accelerating India’s EV transition. How does it aid federal policymaking? (10 marks)
- India aims for 30% EV penetration by 2030. Examine the challenges and suggest strategies to overcome barriers to EV adoption. (15 marks)
Prelims Answers and Explanations
| Qn | Ans | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | c | Battery recycling is important but not part of IEMI’s three core themes. |
| 2 | c | Maharashtra is among the frontrunner states in IEMI 2024. |
| 3 | c | The EV30@30 campaign targets 30% EV penetration by 2030. |
