Why in NEWS A recent study reveals that nearly 99.999% of Earth’s deep seafloor—which spans two-thirds of the planet—remains visually unexplored, with most exploration efforts concentrated in limited zones and by only five countries. Key Concepts & Definitions Term Definition Deep Ocean Oceanic region below 200 meters depth, beyond sunlight penetration, marked by cold temperatures […]
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Why in News? Heavy summer rains in Idukki, Kerala, have triggered snail infestations in cardamom plantations, threatening crop health, yield, and quality. Key Concepts & Definitions Term Definition Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) A premium spice known as the “Queen of Spices,” native to the Western Ghats and part of the ginger family. Metaldehyde A molluscicide (chemical […]
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Why in News? 12th June 2025 marks 50 years since the Allahabad High Court invalidated Indira Gandhi’s 1971 election, setting off a chain of events that led to the imposition of the National Emergency on 25th June 1975. Key Concepts & Definitions Term Definition Indira Nehru Gandhi v. Raj Narain (1975) A landmark Supreme Court […]
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Why in NEWS The Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Act, 2023 came into force in August 2023, converting jail terms for 183 minor, non‑malicious offences in 42 Central Acts into monetary penalties. Union Budget 2025‑26 has now announced Jan Vishwas Bill 2.0, which will extend decriminalisation to 100‑plus additional provisions, and it has urged States and municipal bodies to adopt similar reforms. Key […]
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Why in NEWS India’s Banking, Financial Services and Insurance (BFSI) sector faces persistent structural issues—fragmented regulations, a shallow bond market, and rising shadow banking—prompting calls for deep reforms to ensure financial stability and sustainable growth. Key Terms and Concepts Term Definition BFSI Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance sector forming the financial backbone of the economy. […]
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Why in NEWS A new hydrogen plasma-based process for extracting nickel offers an 84% cut in CO₂ emissions and 18% more energy efficiency—marking a significant shift toward eco-friendly metallurgy. Key Concepts Concept Details Nickel A silvery-white metal essential for clean energy tech like EV batteries. Hydrogen Plasma Extraction A green method using hydrogen plasma instead […]
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Why in NEWS The Forest Advisory Committee (FAC) under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has given in-principle forest clearance for the 3,097 MW Etalin run-of-the-river hydropower project in Arunachal Pradesh. Key Terms & Concepts Term / Concept Explanation Etalin Hydropower Project Proposed in Arunachal’s Dibang Valley; 3,097 MW run-of-the-river project. Run-of-the-River Project Hydro […]
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Why in NEWS Kerala has requested an amendment to the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 to permit the controlled killing of wild animals that pose a threat to human life or agricultural livelihoods, citing a surge in human-wildlife conflict. Key Concepts Concept Details Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 Legal framework to protect wild animals, birds, plants, and […]
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Why in NEWS The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) has released its State of World Population (SOWP) 2025 report titled “The Real Fertility Crisis”, confirming India as the world’s most populous country. The report highlights declining fertility rates, regional disparities, and challenges to reproductive autonomy, urging governments to move away from population control narratives and […]
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Why in NEWS The UN General Assembly has declared 2026 as the International Year of the Woman Farmer, acknowledging the crucial but underrecognized role of women in agriculture. Women contribute nearly 50% of the global food supply, forming 60%–80% of food producers in developing nations and 39% of the agricultural labor force in South Asia. […]
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