Why in NEWS? Prime Minister Narendra Modi congratulated Sikkim on the 50th anniversary of its merger with the Indian Union, officially marking its recognition as the 22nd state of India on 16th May 1975. The occasion commemorates the transition of Sikkim from a monarchy to a democratic state within the Indian Republic. Key Terms and […]
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Why in News The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released its Annual Report 2024–25, presenting key developments in monetary policy, financial stability, inflation control, GDP growth, and digital financial inclusion—vital for UPSC aspirants to understand India’s macroeconomic outlook. Key Terms and Concepts Key Term Simple Explanation Inflation The general rise in prices of goods and […]
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Why in News? The President of India presented the Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan, and Padma Shri Awards for 2025 to 139 distinguished individuals, whose names were announced on the eve of the 76th Republic Day. Aspect Details About Padma Awards Instituted in 1954; among India’s highest civilian honours; announced annually on Republic Day (26th January); […]
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Why in News? The pharmaceutical industry is evolving rapidly with biologics, AI, and automation driving changes in drug development and manufacturing. To stay competitive globally, India must foster specialized skills in these technologies and address key challenges like regulatory compliance, infrastructure, and innovation capacity. Key Technologies Shaping the Pharmaceutical Industry Technology Description Indian Context Artificial […]
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Why in News A newly discovered Cambrian-era sea creature, Mosura fentoni, from Canada’s Burgess Shale, offers new insights into early arthropod evolution with its specialized swimming and respiratory features. Feature Details Scientific Name Mosura fentoni Time Period Cambrian Era (541–485.4 million years ago) Location Found Burgess Shale fossil site, Canada Taxonomy Specialized radiodont, an early […]
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Why in News? A new study has revealed that TR1 (Type-1 Regulatory T-cells)—not TH1 cells—are the main drivers of the immune response to malaria, challenging long-standing assumptions in immunology. What are TR1 Cells? Aspect Details Definition TR1 (Type-1 Regulatory T-cells) are a subset of CD4+ T helper cells that regulate immune responses, especially by controlling […]
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Why in News?NITI Aayog has released a report titled ‘Designing a Policy for Medium Enterprises’ that proposes concessional credit schemes, digital portals, R&D support, and innovation clusters to boost the growth of medium-sized businesses. The report is also seen as a foundational step to reform the wider MSME ecosystem. Key Recommendations of the Report Focus […]
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Why in News The OPEC+ group, led by Saudi Arabia, has increased oil production by 411,000 barrels per day—marking the third consecutive monthly hike—gradually reversing voluntary output cuts from 2023. Key Features: OPEC & OPEC+ Feature Details Founded 1960, at Baghdad Conference (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela) Headquarters Vienna, Austria Current OPEC Members 12 […]
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Why in News? The World Health Organization (WHO) adopted the world’s first global pandemic agreement at the 78th World Health Assembly (May 2025), invoking Article 19 of its Constitution—marking a historic global health milestone. WHO Pandemic Agreement – Key Facts Aspect Details Adoption Date 20th May 2025 Legal Basis Article 19 of WHO Constitution; Second […]
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Why in NewsIn the K. Umadevi v. Government of Tamil Nadu case (2022), the Supreme Court upheld a woman’s right to receive maternity benefits for her third child, declaring such entitlements a constitutional right under Article 21. About the Case Aspect Details Judgment The SC granted maternity benefits to a woman for her third child, […]
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